Gens:

IULIUS ANTIOCHUS and ROYAL HOUSE OF COMMAGENE

Created:

24th October 2014

Update:

20th August 2021

Imperial Family / Cognomen

Imperators

n/a

Consular

Antiochus

Senatorial

Tertullus Antiochus

Equestrian

n/a

Equestrian (mil)

n/a

Local magistrat.

n/a

Uncertain

n/a

Republican Consuls, Tribunes with consular power, Dictators, Magister Equitum, Censors

Imperial Consuls and Emperors (Augusti and Caesars)

incl. 0 emperors

Notes:

The Nemrud Dagh inscriptions mention Arsames as grandfather of Ptolemaios, but the inscription with the name of Ptolemaios’s father has been lost.

Antiochus III and his sisters could possibly be the children of Mithridates II. The existance of Mithridates (III) is very doubtful.

Kallinikos = "Gloriously Victorious", Philadelphos ="She who loves her brothers", Philopappus = "lover of his grandfather" Philoromaios = "friend of the Romans"

Literature

Baroni: Adlectiones ed Adlecti (2011) p.227-229 (§6 C. Iulius Antiochus Epiphanes Philopappus)

Baslez, Marie-Francoise: "La famille de Philopappos de Commagène", in Dialogues d'histoire ancienne. Vol. 18, 1992. pp. 89-101.

Dietz: Senatus (1980) p.170-171 (§45 T. Iulius Tertullus Antiochus, governor Numidia)

Facella, Margherita: "La dinastia degli Orontidi nella Commagene ellenistico-romana", Studi ellenistici 17, Pisa 2006, p.449 stemma

Hächler: Kontinuität und Wandel (2019) p.467-468 (T. Iulius Tertullus Antiochus, leg Aug pro pr Numidia 241/242)

Halfmann: Senatoren (1979) p.121 stemma, p.131 (§36 C. Iulius Antiochus Epiphanes Philopappus cos 109), p.132 (§36a C. Iulius Antiochus Epiphanes, J150),

p.132-133 (§36b C. Iulius Antiochus IV Ephipanes, king 38-72 AD)

Le Bohec, Yann: "La Troisième Légion Auguste", Paris, 1989, p.461 (T. Iulius Tertullus Antiochus, governor Numidia 242)

Lucherini, Renzo: "A Proposed Paternity for Ptolemaios of Kommagene: Mithradates, Nephew of Antiochos III", in 2017, p.1-17: argues that Ptolemaios' father was Mithridates (who ruled in

Sophene or possibly Lesser Armenia) son of Arsames I and his wife possibly the daughter of Ptolemy II of Telmessos.

He thus postulates princess Antiochis was 1st married to Arsames I, and next (certain) to Xerxes, son of Arsames I by a prior marriage.

Macurdy, Grace H.: "Iotape", in The Journal of Roman Studies, Vol.26, 1936, pp.40-42 identifies 5 different women named Iotape.

Raepsaet-Charlier: PFOS (1987) stemma LXIX

Reinach, Théodore.: "La Dynastie de Commagène", Revue des Études Grecques, tome 3, fascicule 12, 1890, p.362–380 with stemma p.380

He invented Mithradates, an elder son of Mithradates I, to resolve a discrepency, since resolved.

Rizakis/Zoumbaki: Roman Peloponnese I (2001) p.133-134 (§Arc103 C. Iulius Antiochus Epiphanes Philopappus dedicated statue in Megalopolis in Arcadia)

Rizakis/Zoumbaki: Roman Peloponnese II (2004) p.240 (§Lac381 Iulia Balbilla J650), p.586 (stemma VIII on connection to Iulius Laco of Sparta)

Scheid: Freres Arvales 69-304 (1990) p.375-376 (§89 C. Iulius Antiochus Epiphanes Philopappus, co-opted arval between 105 and 114/116, possibly 110

Setälä: Roman Brick Stamps (1977) p.95 (regina Claudia Capitolina C1086)

Settipani: Continuite (2000) p.447-448 with stemma (he believes Mithridates III was son of Mithridates II, his stemma mixes up Mithridates II and Antiochus II,

also he proposes Antiochus IV's wife was not Claudia Capitolina but a sister), p.493 (stemma of connection to Iulius Laco of Sparta)

Spawforth, A.J.S.: "Balbilla, the Euryclids and Memorials for a Greek Magnate", The Annual of the British School at Athens, Vol.73, 1978, pp.249-260 with stemma p.261

argues that another daughter of Antiochus IV married the Spartan C. Iulius Laco in 72, when the Commagene family were in Sparta after their deposal.

The son of Laco, Herculanus, is attested as cousin to Iulia Balbilla (J650), who set a big monument at Athens to her cousin.

Staab, Gregor: "Ehrung und Königsdesignation Mithradates II von Kommagene durch seinen Vater Antiochos I auf dem Nemrud Dagi", in Epigraphica Anatolica 44 (2011) p.55–77

Sullivan, Richard D.: "Near Eastern Royalty and Rome 100-30 BC", University of Toronto Press 1990, sections on Commagene (pp.59-62 and 193-198) with stemma 5 at bookend.

Sullivan, Richard D.: "The Dynasty of Commagene", in Aufstieg und Niedergang der Römischen Welt, Bd.II,8, 1977, pp.732-798 with stemma opposite p.742

Thomasson: Fasti Africani (1996) p.185-186 (§64 T. Iulius Tertullus Antiochus, governor Numidia 242)

Wagner, Jörg.: “Dynastie und Herrscherkult in Kommagene. Forschungsgeschichte und neue Funde,” in Istanbuler Mitteilungen 33, 1983, pp. 177-224 (NOT AVAILABLE TO ME)

Changes

2014.10.30: The year when Antiochus III became king is not known (12 BC was based on a false premise), in reality only his year of death (17 AD) is certain.

Iotape (i48) husband Alexander was king from 72 AD (not until 72) onwards. The very uncertain Mithradates (II) (rex 92-70BC) deleted.

2014.11.01: added (Iulia) daughter of Antiochus IV and her children, cf. article by Spawforth.. See also Settipani p.493.

2014.12.20 added Sullivan's book as reference, added translation note, minor clarifications

2018.08.01 many details added and many more references, but no major changes

2021.08.20 inspected Facella's book, which was not available to me before, changes nothing. A few minor changes. Added references to J598 for Okon, Barbier, Lambrecht and Hächler.

RE50

Ptolemaios

epistates (governor) of Commagene c.170-163

King Commagene c.163-c.130

grdson of Arsames I, King of Sophene († 212)

? son of Xerxes I King of Armenia († 204/202) and Antiochis, dt of Antiochus III of Syria , or

?? ~ Berenike, dt of Ptolemy II of Telmessos

RE1

Samos II Theosebes Dikaios

King c.130-c.100/96

probably no king Samos I

~ Pythadoris of Pontus

RE29

RE7

Mithridates I Kallinikos

Antiochis

King c.100-c.70

princess

~ Laodice VII Thea Philadelphos,

dt of Antiochus VIII Grypos, King of Syria 125-96

RE37

Antiochus I Theos Philorhomaios

Philadelphe

Mithradates

* c.95 King c.70 (ment 69 as king) -c.36

c.92 BC

assumed Roman toga praetexta 59

invention of Reinach

~ Isias Philostorgos, dt of Ariobarzanes I,

King of Cappadocia 95-63/62

M636

RE39

A740 RE38

Mithradates II Philoromaios

Laodice

Antiochus (II) Epiphanes

Antiochis

Athenais

son

Philhellenos

† 38

† exc in Rome 29

princess

† killed 20

King c.36-20 BC

~ Orodes II

usually counted as

~ ignotus

~ Artavasdes I

or shortly before

~ Laodice

King of Parthia 57-37

Antiochus II, though never king

King of Media Atropatene 56-31

by the king

Client King of Sophene 30-20

J44

RE3

M637 RE31

Aka I of Commagene

Iotape I

Mithradates III

princess

34 betrothed to

King 20 BC- an inc

† young

Alexander Helios,

son of Anthony

and Cleopatra

A741

RE39

Aka II of Commagene

Antiochus III

Iotape II

Iotape III

princess

King an. inc. - 17 AD

~ Thrasyllus of Alexandria

Commagene

~ Antiochus III

~ (C. Iulius) Sampsigeramus II

Ti. Claudius Thrasyllus

annexed by Rome 17-38

her brother

priest King of Emesa 14-44

astrologer of TIBERIUS

~ Iotape II, his sister

<==

↓

† 36

C813

RE Claud 81+82

J149

RE40 RE Iulius 68

J47 RE4

Ti. Claudius Balbillus Modestus

C. Iulius Antiochus IV Ephipanes

Iotape VI Philadelphos

praef Aegyp 55-59

King 38-72, also of Cietis in Cilicia

married brother

astrologer of Nero and Vespasian

deposed when Rome annexed Commagene

† p.72

† 79

† p.72 at Rome in honourable retirement

C1086

J150

RE Iulius 66

J228 RE Iulius 305

J48 RE Iotape 5 FOS441

Balbilli filia

C. Iulius Antiochus Epiphanes

(Iulius) Callinicus

Iulia VII Iotape

(Iulia)

= Claudia Capitolina

officer of Otho 69

fought the Romans 72

domina figlina

fought the Romans 72

called himself king

~ C. Iulius Alexander (A500, J136)

c.72 ~ C. Iulius Laco II

2 ~ M. Iunius Rufus

called himself king

returned to Rome 72/3

King of Cietis in Cilicia 72- sub Domitian

patronomos eponymos

praef Aegypti 94-98

returned to Rome 72/3

senator of Rome, cos suff an inc

Sparta c.80/85 (RE310)

betrothed to Drusilla (D195), dt of

son of Tigranes VI (V) of Armenia, king 60-62

Agrippa I of Iudaea

↓

J650

J151

RE Iulius 67 RE Philopappus Rüpke1995

J302 RE221

RE311

Iulia Balbilla

C. Iulius C.f. Antiochus Epiphanes Philopappus

C. Iulius Laconis f. Eurycles Herculanus

C. Iulius Laco III

poet

trib Fabia, archon Athens c.87

L.Vibullius Pius

2 times patronomos

ment as friend of Hadrian 130

agnothetes Dionysiou at Athens 87

* c.73, trib Fabia

of Sparta

set monument to her cousin

adlectus inter praetorios by Trajan 98

q Achaia, tr pl, pr, leg Hisp Baetica,

† before brother

Herculanus

cos suff 109, frater Arvalis from 111 (???) †114/116

leg leg III Gallica in Syria,

called himself king

patronomos of Sparta 115/6 or 116/7

adopted as heir by L.Vibullius Pius from Corinth

† 136/7 probably sp

ILS1346 Rüpke2001

Ti. Iulius Balbillus

sacerdos Solis Elagabali

ment 199-215

possibly † 222 killed

J598 RE68a RE307a Okon607 Bar1602 Lamb980

T. Iulius Tertullus Antiochus

signo Antacius

leg Aug pro pr Numidia 242

UNCERTAIN DATE